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PHP 简单实现延时操作

时间：2022-02-11 13:26

场景

在业务中有时会碰到延迟操作，如下单后半小时未支付则取消订单、下单后十五分钟未支付则发短信提醒等等。那这样的需求如何去实现呢。

相关学习推荐：PHP编程从入门到精通

实现方式

第一个简单的方式就是用一个后台进程死循环去查订单，根据下单时间去做不同的操作
第二种就是使用消息队列的定时消息，下单之后发送定时消息，不同的定时队列去处理不同的逻辑
第三种可以使用框架提供的一些既有功能去做

实现代码

我们以订单创建15分钟后未支付，给用户发送邮件为场景进行学习

准备工作：

简单的订单表：order
各种需要的composer包
rabbitMq本地服务
开通阿里云RocketMq服务

第一种

代码逻辑很简单就直接死循环就行了
启动这个脚本进程，可以用supervisor配置
部分代码

//创建订单的逻辑/**
 * 随机创建订单
 */$order = [
    'order_number' => mt_rand(100,10000).date("YmdHis"),
    'user_id' => mt_rand(1, 100),
    'order_amount' => mt_rand(100, 1000),];
    /**@var $manager Illuminate\Database\Capsule\Manager **/
    $conn = $manager;$insertResult = $conn::table("order")
    ->insert($order);print_r($insertResult);

延迟处理逻辑

while(true) {
    // 未支付订单列表
    $orderList = $conn::table("order")
        ->where("created_time",  '<=', date("Y-m-d H:i:s", strtotime("-15 minutes")))
        ->where('sended_need_pay_notify', '=', 2)
        ->where('status', '=', 1)
        ->select(['user_id', 'id'])
        ->orderBy("id", 'asc')
        ->get();
    $orderList = json_decode(json_encode($orderList), true);
    foreach ($orderList as $orderInfo) {
        sendEmail($orderInfo['user_id']);
        $conn::table('order')
            ->where('id', '=', $orderInfo['id'])
            ->update(['sended_need_pay_notify' => 1]);
        logs("update-success-orderId-". $orderInfo['id']."-userId-".$orderInfo['user_id']);
    }

    sleep(10);}

执行处理脚本

gaoz@nobodyMBP delay_mq_demo % php first_while_handler.php
send email to 73 success ...
2020-06-24 11:37:36:update-success-orderId-3-userId-73

这种方式吧实现简单，但是不优雅，同时大批量订单产生也会遇到问题。

第二种

比如使用阿里云的MQ服务，目前rocketMq与rabbitMq版本支持延迟消息，但是rabbit的延时消息收费太高了
这里先使用rocketMq的延迟消息去实现
需要开通阿里云的服务

// 创建订单的逻辑try
        {

            /**
             * 随机创建订单
             */
            $order = [
                'order_number' => mt_rand(100,10000).date("YmdHis"),
                'user_id' => mt_rand(1, 100),
                'order_amount' => mt_rand(100, 1000),
            ];

            /**@var $manager Illuminate\Database\Capsule\Manager **/
            $conn = $manager;

            $insertId = $conn::table("order")
                ->insertGetId($order);

            $body = json_encode(['order_id' => $insertId, 'created_time' => date("Y-m-d H:i:s")]);
            $publishMessage = new TopicMessage(
                $body            );
            // 设置消息KEY
            $publishMessage->setMessageKey("MessageKey");

            // 定时消息, 定时时间为3分钟后
            $publishMessage->setStartDeliverTime(time() * 1000 + 3 * 60 * 1000);

            $result = $this->producer->publishMessage($publishMessage);

            print "Send mq message success. msgId is:" . $result->getMessageId() . ", bodyMD5 is:" . $result
            -
            >getMessageBodyMD5() . "\n";
        } catch (\Exception $e) {
            print_r($e->getMessage() . "\n");
        }

消费逻辑同样是在消费者中处理

foreach ($messages as $message) {
                $receiptHandles[] = $message->getReceiptHandle();

                $messageBody = $message->getMessageBody();

                $orderInfo = json_decode($messageBody, true);
                if (!empty($orderInfo['order_id'])) {
                    $orderId = $orderInfo['order_id'];

                    /**@var $manager Illuminate\Database\Capsule\Manager * */
                    $conn = $manager;
                    $orderInfo = $conn::table("order")
                        ->select(['id', 'user_id'])
                        ->where('id', '=', $orderId)
                        ->where('status', '=', 1)
                        ->first();
                    if (!empty($orderInfo)) {
                        $orderInfo = json_decode(json_encode($orderInfo), true);
                        sendEmail($orderInfo['user_id']);
                        $conn::table('order')
                            ->where('id', '=', $orderInfo['id'])
                            ->update(['sended_need_pay_notify' => 1]);
                        logs("update-success-orderId-" . $orderInfo['id'] . 
                        "-userId-" . $orderInfo['user_id']);
                    }
                }
            }

启动生产一条消息

gaoz@nobodyMBP delay_mq_demo % php rocket_mq_handler_producer.php 
Send mq message success. msgId is:76CF2135696C3D4EAC698A9FA1E1879D, bodyMD5 
is:63448B50AA7B8AF47B07AA7CE807E3D3
gaoz@nobodyMBP delay_mq_demo %

启动消费者慢慢等待

gaoz@nobodyMBP delay_mq_demo % php rocket_mq_handler_consumer.php 
No message, contine long polling!RequestId:5EF752583441411C74869BA9
No message, contine long polling!RequestId:5EF7525B3441411C74869FE2
No message, contine long polling!RequestId:5EF7525E3441411C7486A42C
No message, contine long polling!RequestId:5EF752613441411C7486A7D9
consume finish, messages:send email to 95 success ...2020-06-27 12:08:05:update-success-orderId-8-userId-95
 Array(
    [0] => 76CF2135696C3D4EAC698A9FA1E1879D-MCAxNTkzMjY2NzkxNDM5IDMwMDAwMCAzIDAgYmpzaGFyZTUtMDggNSAw)
    ack

这种方式有现有的服务可以使用，减少开发时间

第三种使用rabbitMq去实现

查阅文档没有找到rabbitMq支持延迟队列的原生功能，但是可以通过消息的ttl+死信队列实现
私信队列就是用来存放没有被消费或者消费失败等消息的队列
当设置消息的有效期内没有被消费消息就会被转发到死信队列
通过设置消息的有效期实现延时功能

// 生产者$exchange = 'order15min_notify_exchange';
$queue = 'order15minx_notify_queue';$dlxExchange = "dlx_order15min_exchange";
$dlxQueue = "dlx_order15min_queue";
$connection = new AMQPStreamConnection(getenv('RABBIT_HOST'), getenv('RABBIT_PORT'), getenv("RABBIT_USER"), getenv("RABBIT_PASS"), getenv("RABBIT_VHOST"));
$channel = $connection->channel();$channel->exchange_declare($exchange, AMQPExchangeType::DIRECT, false, true, false);
$channel->exchange_declare($dlxExchange, AMQPExchangeType::DIRECT, false, true, false);// 设置队列的过期时间// 正常队列$table = new \PhpAmqpLib\Wire\AMQPTable();// 消息有效期$table->set('x-message-ttl', 3*60*1000);$table->set("x-dead-letter-exchange", $dlxExchange);$channel->queue_declare($queue, false, true, false, false, false, $table);$channel->queue_bind($queue, $exchange);// 死信队列$channel->queue_declare($dlxQueue, false, true, false, false, false);$channel->queue_bind($dlxQueue, $dlxExchange);/**
 * 随机创建订单
 */$order = [
    'order_number' => mt_rand(100,10000).date("YmdHis"),
    'user_id' => mt_rand(1, 100),
    'order_amount' => mt_rand(100, 1000),];/**@var $manager Illuminate\Database\Capsule\Manager **/$conn = $manager;$insertId = $conn::table("order")
    ->insertGetId($order);$messageBody = json_encode(['order_id' => $insertId, 'created_time' => date("Y-m-d H:i:s")]);
    $message = new AMQPMessage($messageBody, array('content_type' => 'text/plain', 'delivery_mode' => AMQPMessage::DELIVERY_MODE_PERSISTENT));
    $channel->basic_publish($message, $exchange);

消费者

$dlxExchange = "dlx_order15min_exchange";$dlxQueue = "dlx_order15min_queue";
$connection = new AMQPStreamConnection(getenv('RABBIT_HOST'), getenv('RABBIT_PORT'), getenv("RABBIT_USER"), getenv("RABBIT_PASS"), getenv("RABBIT_VHOST"));
$channel = $connection->channel();
$channel->queue_declare($dlxQueue, false, true, false, false);$channel->exchange_declare($dlxExchange, AMQPExchangeType::DIRECT, false, true, false);
$channel->queue_bind($dlxQueue, $dlxExchange);/**
 * @param \PhpAmqpLib\Message\AMQPMessage $message
 */function process_message($message){
    echo "\n--------\n";
    echo $message->body;
    echo "\n--------\n";

    $orderInfo = json_decode($message->body, true);
    if (!empty($orderInfo['order_id'])) {
        $orderId = $orderInfo['order_id'];

        /**@var $conn Illuminate\Database\Capsule\Manager * */
        $conn = getdb();
        $orderInfo = $conn::table("order")
            ->select(['id', 'user_id'])
            ->where('id', '=', $orderId)
            ->where('status', '=', 1)
            ->first();
        if (!empty($orderInfo)) {
            $orderInfo = json_decode(json_encode($orderInfo), true);
            sendEmail($orderInfo['user_id']);
            $conn::table('order')
                ->where('id', '=', $orderInfo['id'])
                ->update(['sended_need_pay_notify' => 1]);
            logs("update-success-orderId-" . $orderInfo['id'] . "-userId-" . $orderInfo['user_id']);
        }

    }
    $message->delivery_info['channel']->basic_ack(
        $message->delivery_info['delivery_tag']);}$channel->basic_consume($dlxQueue, $consumerTag, false, false, false, false, 'process_message');

启动消费者

gaoz@nobodyMBP delay_mq_demo % php rabbit_mq_handler_consumer.php
--------
{"order_id":7,"created_time":"2020-06-27 11:50:08"}
--------
send email to 2 success ...
2020-06-27 11:56:55:update-success-orderId-7-userId-2

分别启动消费者、生产者就可以了，这里面消息的流转可以看到