mysql-5.6.22的安装步骤

一、环境与下载地址：

1、系统下载地址：

2、mysql下载地址：

  推荐使用官方     二、安装mysql的步骤： 1、卸载原版本的mysql： yum -y remove mysql-libs-5.1* 或者 rpm -e  原始mysql     2、创建一个MySQL用户组： groupadd mysql   3、一个属于MySQL的用组的mysql用户 useradd -g mysql -s /sbin/nologin -d /opt/mysql mysql     4、查看用户和组状态： id mysql uid=500(mysql) gid=500(mysql) groups=500(mysql)       5、配置myql的安装目录： mkdir -p /opt/mysql/mysql-5.6.22 mkdir -p /data/mysql/mysql_3306/{data,tmp,logs} ln -s /opt/mysql/mysql-5.6.22  /usr/local/mysql ll /usr/local/     6、查看结果： ll /usr/local/ lrwxrwxrwx  1 root root   23 Dec 17 15:24 mysql -> /opt/mysql/mysql-5.6.22       7、解压mysql的安装包： tar -xzvf /data/soft/mysql-5.6.22-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz -C /opt/mysql/mysql-5.6.22/       8、剪贴文件到安装目录： cd /opt/mysql/mysql-5.6.22 mv mysql-5.6.22-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64/* .       9、查看依赖的lib库是否安全 ldd /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld       10、更改权限： chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/mysql/ chown -R mysql:mysql /data/mysql/ chown -R mysql:mysql /opt/mysql/       11、设置root的环境变量： vi .bash_profile export PATH=/usr/local/mysql/bin:/opt/mysql/mysql-5.6.22/bin:$HOME/bin:$PATH source .bash_profile         12、编辑my.cnf #my.cnf [client] port            = 3306 socket          = /tmp/mysql.sock   [mysql] prompt=[master]> #pager="less -i -n -S" tee=/data/mysql/mysql_3306/data/query.log no-auto-rehash   [mysqld_multi] mysqld = /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe mysqladmin = /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin log = /opt/mysql/mysqld_multi.log   [mysqld] #misc explicit_defaults_for_timestamp = ture
user = mysql basedir = /usr/local/mysql datadir = /data/mysql/mysql_3306/data port = 3306 socket = /tmp/mysql.sock event_scheduler = 0   #timeout interactive_timeout = 300 wait_timeout = 300   #character set character-set-server = utf8   open_files_limit = 65535 max_connections = 100 max_connect_errors = 100000   skip-name-resolve = 1 #logs log-output=file slow_query_log = 1 slow_query_log_file = slow.log log-error =  /data/mysql/mysql_3306/data/error.log log_warnings = 2 pid-file = mysql.pid long_query_time = 1 #log-slow-admin-statements = 1 #log-queries-not-using-indexes = 1 log-slow-slave-statements = 1   #binlog binlog_format = mixed server-id = 2003306 log-bin = /data/mysql/mysql_3306/logs/mybinlog binlog_cache_size = 4M max_binlog_size = 1G max_binlog_cache_size = 2G sync_binlog = 0 expire_logs_days = 10   #relay log skip_slave_start = 1 max_relay_log_size = 1G relay_log_purge = 1 relay_log_recovery = 1 log_slave_updates #slave-skip-errors=1032,1053,1062   #buffers & cache table_open_cache = 2048 table_definition_cache = 2048 table_open_cache = 2048 max_heap_table_size = 96M sort_buffer_size = 2M join_buffer_size = 2M thread_cache_size = 256 query_cache_size = 0 query_cache_type = 0 query_cache_limit = 256K query_cache_min_res_unit = 512 thread_stack = 192K tmp_table_size = 96M key_buffer_size = 8M read_buffer_size = 2M read_rnd_buffer_size = 16M bulk_insert_buffer_size = 32M   #myisam myisam_sort_buffer_size = 128M myisam_max_sort_file_size = 10G myisam_repair_threads = 1   #innodb innodb_buffer_pool_size = 100M innodb_buffer_pool_instances = 1 innodb_data_file_path = ibdata1:1G:autoextend innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 1 innodb_log_buffer_size = 64M innodb_log_file_size = 256M innodb_log_files_in_group = 3 innodb_max_dirty_pages_pct = 50 innodb_file_per_table = 1 innodb_rollback_on_timeout innodb_status_file = 1 innodb_io_capacity = 2000 transaction_isolation = REPEATABLE-READ innodb_flush_method = O_DIRECT   #端口号为3306的实例特殊配置 [mysqld3306] port =3306 #指定本实例相应版本的basedir和datadir basedir= /usr/local/mysql datadir = /data/mysql/mysql_3306/data socket          = /tmp/mysql_3306.sock #重新配置这几个选项，不与全局配置一样，会直接覆盖上面的全局设置 innodb_buffer_pool_size = 100m transaction_isolation = REPEATABLE-READ   [mysqld3308] port=3308 basedir= /usr/local/mysql datadir = /data/mysql/mysql_3308/data socket          = /tmp/mysql_3308.sock #重新配置这几个选项，不与全局配置一样，会直接覆盖上面的全局设置 innodb_buffer_pool_size = 100m innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 2 sync_binlog = 0       13、复制my.cnf到/etc/目录下： cp my.cnf  /etc/my.cnf       14、初始化数据库： cd /usr/local/mysql/ 初始化数据库一定要在basedir 下进行 ./scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf     15、将启动信息加入到启动像 cd  /usr/local/mysql cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysql       16、启动mysql服务： /etc/init.d/mysql start     17、查看mysql是否启动成功：   a、查看mysql的进程： ps axu|grep mysqld     b、查看mysql的监听： netstat -nalp|grep "3306"     18、添加启动项： chkconfig --add mysql chkconfig --level 35 mysql on chkconfig --list |grep mysql mysql           0:off 1:off 2:on 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off       19、查看mysql用户的表信息： select user,host,password from mysql.user; +------+-----------+----------+ | user | host      | password | +------+-----------+----------+ | root | localhost |          | | root | master1   |          | | root | 127.0.0.1 |          | | root | ::1       |          | |      | localhost |          | |      | master1   |          | +------+-----------+----------+ 6 rows in set (0.00 sec)     20、删除初始化用户： delete from mysql.user where user!=‘root‘ or host!=‘localhost‘;     21、刷新数据库： flush privileges;   22、检查权限： select user,host,password from mysql.user;     ========================================================= 安装时出现的问题大多数的排错思路如下： 1、初始化mysql的时候，需要开启另一个连接，tail -f error.log，根据报错进行查看。 2、查看my.cnf文件里的目录是否都存在。 3、查看my.cnf文件里的目录权限是否都是mysql.mysql。 4、如果是虚拟机查看内存和磁盘是否足够。