Ubuntu安装MySQL及设置字符集为UTF-8

一、安装数据库

1、获取并安装mysql

$ sudo apt-get install mysql-server

2、设置root密码（在跳出的提示框中输入密码即可）

3、登陆数据库，输入mysql -u root -p，接着出现输入密码的提示，输入完密码回车即可

$ mysql -u root -p
Enter password
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.

4、查看数据库，输入show databases;

mysql > show databases;

5、显示当前已有的数据库

+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql              |
| performance_schema |
+--------------------+

二、设置字符集

1、打开mysql配置文件

$ sudo vim /etc/mysql/my.cnf

2、找到[mysqld]在下方输入下方代码后，点击Esc并输入:wq保存退出

[mysqld]
init_connect=‘SET collation_connection = utf8_unicode_ci‘
init_connect=‘SET NAMES utf8‘
character-set-server=utf8
collation-server=utf8_unicode_ci
skip-character-set-client-handshake

3、重启mysql服务

$ service mysql restart

4、输入mysql -u root -p 重新进入mysql

$ mysql -u root -p
Enter password

5、输入show variables like ‘%character%‘ 查看字符集

mysql> show variables like ‘%character%‘;
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| Variable_name            | Value                      |
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| character_set_client     | utf8                       |
| character_set_connection | utf8                       |
| character_set_database   | utf8                       |
| character_set_filesystem | binary                     |
| character_set_results    | utf8                       |
| character_set_server     | utf8                       |
| character_set_system     | utf8                       |
| character_sets_dir       | /usr/share/mysql/charsets/ |
+--------------------------+----------------------------+

可以看到，已经成功将字符集更改为utf-8格式