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centos7下 LAMP环境搭建--mysql安装

时间：2022-03-15 04:33

安装MySQL

MySQL的几个常用安装包：rpm、源码、二进制免编译

cd /usr/local/src

wget http://mirrors.sohu.com/mysql/MySQL-5.6/mysql-5.6.35-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz

tar zxvf mysql-5.6.35-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz

mv mysql-5.6.35-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64 /usr/local/mysql

cd /usr/local/mysql

useradd mysql

mkdir /data/

./scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --datadir=/data/mysql

cp support-files/my-default.cnf /etc/my.cnf

cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld

vi /etc/init.d/mysqld

定义basedir和datadir

/etc/init.d/mysqld start

实验流程

[root@lyon-01 ~]# cd /usr/local/src/ //建议安装的部署程序放在这个目录下

[root@lyon-01 src]# uname -a //可以查看电脑是32位还是64位

Linux lyon-01 3.10.0-514.el7.x86_64 #1 SMP Tue Nov 22 16:42:41 UTC 2016 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux

[root@lyon-01 src]# wget http://mirrors.sohu.com/mysql/MySQL-5.6/mysql-5.6.35-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz //下载64位的5.6版本的包。比较大，可能需要等会

[root@lyon-01 src]# tar zxvf mysql-5.6.35-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz //解压

[root@lyon-01 src]# mv mysql-5.6.35-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64 /usr/local/mysql

//将MySQL的解压目录移动到/usr/local/下，并改名字为mysql

[root@lyon-01 local]# cd mysql/ //务必确保在此之前么有mysql目录

[root@lyon-01 mysql]# ls

bin data include man README share support-files

COPYING docs lib mysql-test scripts sql-bench

[root@lyon-01 mysql]# useradd mysql 增加用户mysql

[root@lyon-01 mysql]# mkdir /data/ 创建存放数据的目录

[root@lyon-01 mysql]# ./scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --datadir=/data/mysql //初始化

FATAL ERROR: please install the following Perl modules before executing ./scripts/mysql_install_db:

Data::Dumper 这里报了错，可以搜索，也可以yum list 模糊搜索

[root@lyon-01 mysql]# yum list |grep perl |grep -i dumper

perl-Data-Dumper.x86_64 2.145-3.el7 base

perl-Data-Dumper-Concise.noarch 2.020-6.el7 epel

perl-Data-Dumper-Names.noarch 0.03-17.el7 epel

perl-XML-Dumper.noarch 0.81-17.el7 base

-------这里会有几个包，可以依次安装也可以都安装

[root@lyon-01 mysql]# yum install -y perl-Data-Dumper.x86_64 //这个包

[root@lyon-01 mysql]# ./scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --datadir=/data/mysql

echo $?

[root@lyon-01 mysql]# cp support-files/my-default.cnf /etc/my.cnf

系统本身自带一个my.cnf的文件我们改成如下即可：

[mysqld]

datadir=/data/mysql //只修改这里

socket=/tmp/mysql.sock

# Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security risks

symbolic-links=0

# Settings user and group are ignored when systemd is used.

# If you need to run mysqld under a different user or group,

# customize your systemd unit file for mariadb according to the

# instructions in http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Systemd

[mysqld_safe]

#log-error=/var/log/mariadb/mariadb.log //注释

#pid-file=/var/run/mariadb/mariadb.pid //注释

# include all files from the config directory

#!includedir /etc/my.cnf.d //注释

保存退出即可。

启动脚本部分

[root@lyon-01 mysql]# ls support-files/

binary-configure magic my-default.cnf mysqld_multi.server mysql-log-rotate mysql.server

[root@lyon-01 mysql]# cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld

[root@lyon-01 mysql]# vi /etc/init.d/mysqld

修改这个地方即可

basedir=/usr/local/mysql

datadir=/data/mysql

保存退出

配置开机启动

[root@lyon-01 mysql]# chkconfig --add mysqld

[root@lyon-01 mysql]# chkconfig --list

注意：该输出结果只显示 SysV 服务，并不包含原生 systemd 服务。SysV 配置数据可能被原生 systemd 配置覆盖。

如果您想列出 systemd 服务,请执行 ‘systemctl list-unit-files‘。

欲查看对特定 target 启用的服务请执行

‘systemctl list-dependencies [target]‘。

mysqld 0:关 1:关 2:开 3:开 4:开 5:开 6:关服务开启

netconsole 0:关 1:关 2:关 3:关 4:关 5:关 6:关

network 0:关 1:关 2:开 3:开 4:开 5:开 6:关

服务启动：

[root@lyon-01 mysql]# service mysqld start

Starting MySQL.Logging to ‘/data/mysql/lyon-01.err‘.

.. SUCCESS! //出现success说明服务成功启动

[root@lyon-01 mysql]# ps aux |grep mysql

root 4190 0.0 0.1 11760 1584 pts/1 S 15:09 0:00 /bin/sh /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqd_safe --datadir=/data/mysql --pid-file=/data/mysql/lyon-01.pid

mysql 4325 10.0 44.6 973044 450676 pts/1 Sl 15:09 0:02 /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/data/mysql --plugin-dir=/usr/local/mysql/lib/plugin --user=mysql --log-error=/data/mysql/lyon-01.err --pid-file=/data/mysql/lyon-01.pid --socket=/tmp/mysql.sock

root 4353 0.0 0.0 112664 976 pts/1 S+ 15:09 0:00 grep --color=auto mysql

[root@lyon-01 mysql]# netstat -lnpt

Active Internet connections (only servers)

Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address Foreign Address State PID/Program name

tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:22 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 1384/sshd

tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:25 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 1806/master

tcp6 0 0 :::3306 :::* LISTEN 4325/mysqld

tcp6 0 0 :::22 :::* LISTEN 1384/sshd

tcp6 0 0 ::1:25 :::* LISTEN 1806/master

假设我们没有启动脚本我们用下面这个方法启动

[root@lyon-01 mysql]# service mysqld stop //停止服务

Shutting down MySQL.. SUCCESS!

[root@lyon-01 mysql]# ps aux |grep mysqld

root 4392 0.0 0.0 112664 972 pts/1 S+ 15:17 0:00 grep --color=auto mysqld //已经停掉了

[root@lyon-01 mysql]# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf --user=mysql --datadir=/data/mysql & //用这个命令，并放在后台执行

[1] 4401

[root@lyon-01 mysql]# 170926 15:19:54 mysqld_safe Logging to ‘/data/mysql/lyon-01.err‘.

170926 15:19:55 mysqld_safe Starting mysqld daemon with databases from /data/mysql

[root@lyon-01 mysql]# !ps

ps aux |grep mysqld //看下是否已经启动

root 4401 0.0 0.1 113256 1584 pts/1 S 15:19 0:00 /bin/sh /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf --user=mysql --datadir=/data/mysql

mysql 4524 1.4 44.5 973044 449500 pts/1 Sl 15:19 0:01 /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/data/mysql --plugin-dir=/usr/local/mysql/lib/plugin --user=mysql --log-error=/data/mysql/lyon-01.err --pid-file=/data/mysql/lyon-01.pid --socket=/tmp/mysql.sock

root 4552 0.0 0.0 112664 976 pts/1 R+ 15:21 0:00 grep --color=auto mysqld

[root@lyon-01 mysql]# !net //看一下mysql的端口

netstat -lnpt

Active Internet connections (only servers)

Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address Foreign Address State PID/Program name

tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:22 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 1384/sshd

tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:25 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 1806/master

tcp6 0 0 :::3306 :::* LISTEN 4524/mysqld

tcp6 0 0 :::22 :::* LISTEN 1384/sshd

tcp6 0 0 ::1:25 :::* LISTEN 1806/master

如何关闭呢

[root@lyon-01 support-files]# /etc/init.d/mysqld stop