深入探讨vite是怎么解析.env文件的

import { cac } from 'cac'

const cli = cac('vite')
cli
  .option('-m, --mode <mode>', `[string] set env mode`)
cli
  .command('[root]', 'start dev server') // default command
  .alias('serve') // the command is called 'serve' in Vite's API
  .option('--port <port>', `[number] specify port`)
  .action(async (root: string, options: ServerOptions & GlobalCLIOptions) => {
    const { createServer } = await import('./server')
    try {
      const server = await createServer({
        root,
        base: options.base,
        mode: options.mode,
        configFile: options.config,
        logLevel: options.logLevel,
        clearScreen: options.clearScreen,
        optimizeDeps: { force: options.force },
        server: cleanOptions(options),
      })
  })

import { resolveConfig } from '../config'
export async function createServer(
  inlineConfig: InlineConfig = {},
): Promise<ViteDevServer> {
  const config = await resolveConfig(inlineConfig, 'serve')
}

import { loadEnv, resolveEnvPrefix } from './env'
export async function resolveConfig(
  inlineConfig: InlineConfig,
  command: 'build' | 'serve',
  defaultMode = 'development',
  defaultNodeEnv = 'development',
): Promise<ResolvedConfig> {
  const envDir = config.envDir
    ? normalizePath(path.resolve(resolvedRoot, config.envDir))
    : resolvedRoot
  const userEnv =
    inlineConfig.envFile !== false &&
    loadEnv(mode, envDir, resolveEnvPrefix(config))
  const resolvedConfig: ResolvedConfig = {
    command,
    mode,
    env: {
      ...userEnv,
      BASE_URL,
      MODE: mode,
      DEV: !isProduction,
      PROD: isProduction,
    },
  }
  const resolved: ResolvedConfig = {
    ...config,
    ...resolvedConfig,
  }
  return resolved
}

import { parse } from 'dotenv'
import { arraify, lookupFile } from './utils'

export function loadEnv(
  mode: string,
  envDir: string,
  prefixes: string | string[] = 'VITE_',
): Record<string, string> {
  prefixes = arraify(prefixes)
  const env: Record<string, string> = {}
  const envFiles = [
    /** default file */ `.env`,
    /** local file */ `.env.local`,
    /** mode file */ `.env.${mode}`,
    /** mode local file */ `.env.${mode}.local`,
  ]

  const parsed = Object.fromEntries(
    envFiles.flatMap((file) => {
      const path = lookupFile(envDir, [file], {
        pathOnly: true,
        rootDir: envDir,
      })
      if (!path) return []
      return Object.entries(parse(fs.readFileSync(path)))
    }),
  )
  // only keys that start with prefix are exposed to client
  for (const [key, value] of Object.entries(parsed)) {
    if (prefixes.some((prefix) => key.startsWith(prefix))) {
      env[key] = value
    } else if (
      key === 'NODE_ENV' &&
      process.env.VITE_USER_NODE_ENV === undefined
    ) {
      // NODE_ENV override in .env file
      process.env.VITE_USER_NODE_ENV = value
    }
  }

  return env
}

import {resolvePlugins,} from './plugins'

export async function resolveConfig(
  inlineConfig: InlineConfig,
  command: 'build' | 'serve',
  defaultMode = 'development',
  defaultNodeEnv = 'development',
): Promise<ResolvedConfig> {
  (resolved.plugins as Plugin[]) = await resolvePlugins(
    resolved,
    prePlugins,
    normalPlugins,
    postPlugins,
  )
}

import { definePlugin } from './define'

export async function resolvePlugins(
  config: ResolvedConfig,
  prePlugins: Plugin[],
  normalPlugins: Plugin[],
  postPlugins: Plugin[],
): Promise<Plugin[]> {
  return [
    //...
    definePlugin(config),
    //...
  ].filter(Boolean) as Plugin[]
}

const importMetaKeys: Record<string, string> = {}
const importMetaFallbackKeys: Record<string, string> = {}
if (isBuild) {
  const env: Record<string, any> = {
    ...config.env,
    SSR: !!config.build.ssr,
  }
  for (const key in env) {
    importMetaKeys[`import.meta.env.${key}`] = JSON.stringify(env[key])
  }
  Object.assign(importMetaFallbackKeys, {
    'import.meta.env.': `({}).`,
    'import.meta.env': JSON.stringify(config.env),
    'import.meta.hot': `false`,
  })
}