Java&Xml教程（八）使用JDOM将Java对象转换为XML

时间：2017-02-22 14:55

在前面的教程中我们学习了如何使用JDOM解析和修改XML文件内容，本节介绍如何将Java对象转换为XML数据并生成文件。

JDOM的Document类提供了便捷的方法创建元素和属性，XMLOutputter 类能将Document写到任何OutputStream和Writer对象中。
在本例中我们创建Employee对象集合并将它写到XML文件中。
Employee.java

package com.journaldev.xml;
public class Employee {    
private int id;    
private String name;    
private String gender;    
private int age;    
private String role;    
public Employee(){}    
public Employee(int id, String name, int age, String gender, String role){        
this.id=id;        
this.age=age;        
this.name=name;        
this.gender=gender;        
this.role=role;
    }    public int getId() {        
    return id;
    }    public void setId(int id) {        
    this.id = id;
    }    public String getName() {        
    return name;
    }    public void setName(String name) {        
    this.name = name;
    }    public String getGender() {        
    return gender;
    }    public void setGender(String gender) {        
    this.gender = gender;
    }    public int getAge() {        
    return age;
    }    public void setAge(int age) {        
    this.age = age;
    }    public String getRole() {        
    return role;
    }    public void setRole(String role) {        
    this.role = role;
    }

}

我们将Employee对象id作为XML文件中Employee元素的属性，并且设置根元素Employees的命名空间为“http://www.gxlsystem.com/”
JDOMXMLWriter.java

package com.journaldev.xml.jdom;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import org.jdom2.Document;
import org.jdom2.Element;
import org.jdom2.Namespace;
import org.jdom2.output.Format;
import org.jdom2.output.XMLOutputter;
import com.journaldev.xml.Employee;
public class JDOMXMLWriter {

    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
        List<Employee> empList = new ArrayList<>();
        empList.add(new Employee(1, "Pankaj",25,"Male","Java Developer"));
        empList.add(new Employee(2, "Mona",34,"Female","Manager"));
        empList.add(new Employee(3, "Dave",45,"Male","Support"));

        String fileName = "employees.xml";
        writeFileUsingJDOM(empList, fileName);
    }

    private static void writeFileUsingJDOM(List<Employee> empList, String fileName) throws IOException {
        Document doc = new Document();
        doc.setRootElement(new Element("Employees",  Namespace.getNamespace("http://www.journaldev.com/employees")));
        for(Employee emp : empList){
            Element employee = new Element("Employee");
            employee.setAttribute("id",""+emp.getId());
            employee.addContent(new Element("age").setText(""+emp.getAge()));
            employee.addContent(new Element("name").setText(emp.getName()));
            employee.addContent(new Element("gender").setText(emp.getGender()));
            employee.addContent(new Element("role").setText(emp.getRole()));
            doc.getRootElement().addContent(employee);
        }
        //JDOM document is ready now, lets write it to file now
        XMLOutputter xmlOutputter = new XMLOutputter(Format.getPrettyFormat());
        //output xml to console for debugging
        //xmlOutputter.output(doc, System.out);
        xmlOutputter.output(doc, new FileOutputStream(fileName));
    }

}

运行程序将获得下面的XML文件：
employees.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><Employees xmlns="http://www.journaldev.com/employees">
  <Employee xmlns="" id="1">
    <age>25</age>
    <name>Pankaj</name>
    <gender>Male</gender>
    <role>Java Developer</role>
  </Employee>
  <Employee xmlns="" id="2">
    <age>34</age>
    <name>Mona</name>
    <gender>Female</gender>
    <role>Manager</role>
  </Employee>
  <Employee xmlns="" id="3">
    <age>45</age>
    <name>Dave</name>
    <gender>Male</gender>
    <role>Support</role>
  </Employee></Employees>

原文地址：http://www.gxlsystem.com/

在前面的教程中我们学习了如何使用JDOM解析和修改XML文件内容，本节介绍如何将Java对象转换为XML数据并生成文件。
JDOM的Document类提供了便捷的方法创建元素和属性，XMLOutputter 类能将Document写到任何OutputStream和Writer对象中。
在本例中我们创建Employee对象集合并将它写到XML文件中。
Employee.java

package com.journaldev.xml;
public class Employee {    
private int id;    
private String name;    
private String gender;    
private int age;    
private String role;    
public Employee(){}    
public Employee(int id, String name, int age, String gender, String role){        
this.id=id;        
this.age=age;        
this.name=name;        
this.gender=gender;        
this.role=role;
    }    public int getId() {        
    return id;
    }    public void setId(int id) {        
    this.id = id;
    }    public String getName() {        
    return name;
    }    public void setName(String name) {        
    this.name = name;
    }    public String getGender() {        
    return gender;
    }    public void setGender(String gender) {        
    this.gender = gender;
    }    public int getAge() {        
    return age;
    }    public void setAge(int age) {        
    this.age = age;
    }    public String getRole() {        
    return role;
    }    public void setRole(String role) {        
    this.role = role;
    }

}

我们将Employee对象id作为XML文件中Employee元素的属性，并且设置根元素Employees的命名空间为“http://www.gxlsystem.com/”
JDOMXMLWriter.java

package com.journaldev.xml.jdom;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;import org.jdom2.Document;
import org.jdom2.Element;import org.jdom2.Namespace;
import org.jdom2.output.Format;
import org.jdom2.output.XMLOutputter;
import com.journaldev.xml.Employee;
public class JDOMXMLWriter {

    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
        List<Employee> empList = new ArrayList<>();
        empList.add(new Employee(1, "Pankaj",25,"Male","Java Developer"));
        empList.add(new Employee(2, "Mona",34,"Female","Manager"));
        empList.add(new Employee(3, "Dave",45,"Male","Support"));

        String fileName = "employees.xml";
        writeFileUsingJDOM(empList, fileName);
    }

    private static void writeFileUsingJDOM(List<Employee> empList, String fileName) throws IOException {
        Document doc = new Document();
        doc.setRootElement(new Element("Employees",  Namespace.getNamespace("http://www.journaldev.com/employees")));
        for(Employee emp : empList){
            Element employee = new Element("Employee");
            employee.setAttribute("id",""+emp.getId());
            employee.addContent(new Element("age").setText(""+emp.getAge()));
            employee.addContent(new Element("name").setText(emp.getName()));
            employee.addContent(new Element("gender").setText(emp.getGender()));
            employee.addContent(new Element("role").setText(emp.getRole()));
            doc.getRootElement().addContent(employee);
        }
        //JDOM document is ready now, lets write it to file now
        XMLOutputter xmlOutputter = new XMLOutputter(Format.getPrettyFormat());
        //output xml to console for debugging
        //xmlOutputter.output(doc, System.out);
        xmlOutputter.output(doc, new FileOutputStream(fileName));
    }

}

运行程序将获得下面的XML文件：
employees.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><Employees xmlns="http://www.journaldev.com/employees">
  <Employee xmlns="" id="1">
    <age>25</age>
    <name>Pankaj</name>
    <gender>Male</gender>
    <role>Java Developer</role>
  </Employee>
  <Employee xmlns="" id="2">
    <age>34</age>
    <name>Mona</name>
    <gender>Female</gender>
    <role>Manager</role>
  </Employee>
  <Employee xmlns="" id="3">
    <age>45</age>
    <name>Dave</name>
    <gender>Male</gender>
    <role>Support</role>
  </Employee></Employees>

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