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怎么使用python批量修改文本文件编码格式

时间:2023-05-01 19:32

使用python批量修改文本文件编码格式

把文本文件的编码格式进行批量幻化,比如ascii, gb2312, utf8等,相互转化,字符集的大小来看,utf8>gb2312>ascii,因此最好把gb2312转为utf8,否则容易出现乱码。

gb2312和utf-8的主要区别:

关于字库规模: UTF-8 > gb2312(utf8字全而gb2312只有汉字)

关于保存大小: UTF-8> gb2312 (utf8更臃肿、加载更慢,gb2312更小巧,加载更快)

关于适用范围:gb2312主要在中国大陆地区使用,是一个本地化的字符集,UTF-8包含全世界所有国家需要用到的字符,是国际编码,通用性强。UTF-8编码的文字可以在各国支持UTF8字符集的浏览器上显示。

import sysimport chardetimport codecs def get_encoding_type(fileName):    '''print the encoding format of a txt file '''    with open(fileName, 'rb') as f:        data = f.read()        encoding_type = chardet.detect(data)        #print(encoding_type)        return encoding_type        # such as {'encoding': 'GB2312', 'confidence': 0.99, 'language': 'Chinese'} def convert_encoding_type(filename_in, filename_out, encode_in="gb2312", encode_out="utf-8"):    '''convert encoding format of txt file '''    #filename_in = 'flash.c'    #filename_out = 'flash_gb2312.c'    #encode_in = 'utf-8'  # 输入文件的编码类型    #encode_out = 'gb2312'# 输出文件的编码类型    with codecs.open(filename=filename_in, mode='r', encoding=encode_in) as fi:        data = fi.read()        with open(filename_out, mode='w', encoding=encode_out) as fo:            fo.write(data)            fo.close()        # with open(filename_out, 'rb') as f:        #     data = f.read()        #     print(chardet.detect(data)) if __name__=="__main__":    # fileName = argv[1]    # get_encoding_type(fileName)    # convert_encoding_type(fileName, fileName)    filename_of_files = sys.argv[1]   #the file contain full file path at each line    with open(filename_of_files, 'rb') as f:        lines = f.readlines()        for line in lines:            fileName = line[:-1]            encoding_type = get_encoding_type(fileName)            if encoding_type['encoding']=='GB2312':                print(encoding_type)                convert_encoding_type(fileName, fileName)                print(fileName)

补充:python实现文件批量转为utf-8格式

python实现文件批量转为utf-8格式

xml_path = './'with open(xml_path , 'rb+') as f:    content = f.read()    codeType = detect(content)['encoding']    content = content.decode(codeType, "ignore").encode("utf8")    fp.seek(0)    fp.write(content)

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