如何用Python和Pygame来创建一个简单的单词游戏

import pygameimport sysimport tracebackimport osfrom pygame.locals import *from random import *import numpy as npimport linecachepygame.init()  # 游戏初始化pygame.mixer.init()  # 音效初始化bg_size = width, height = 480, 700  # 屏幕大小screen = pygame.display.set_mode(bg_size)pygame.display.set_caption("英语单词挑战")  # 标题# 背景图片background = pygame.image.load("source/背景.png")  # .convert()BLACK = (0, 0, 0)WHITE = (255, 255, 255)GREEN = (0, 255, 0)RED = (255, 0, 0)# 游戏音乐pygame.mixer.music.load("source/背景音乐.mp3")pygame.mixer.music.set_volume(0.2)success_sound = pygame.mixer.Sound("source/正确.wav")success_sound.set_volume(0.2)lost_sound = pygame.mixer.Sound("source/失败.wav")lost_sound.set_volume(0.2)win_sound = pygame.mixer.Sound("source/胜利.wav")win_sound.set_volume(0.2)class Word(pygame.sprite.Sprite):    def __init__(self, bg_size, showword):        pygame.sprite.Sprite.__init__(self)        self.word = showword  # 获取单词        self.length = len(self.word)  # 单词长度        self.wordfont = pygame.font.SysFont("arial", 36)  # 使用系统字体        self.wordtext = self.wordfont.render(self.word, True, WHITE, BLACK)  # 单词        self.promptword = "*"*self.length        self.showtext = self.wordfont.render(self.promptword, True, WHITE, BLACK)  # 隐藏单词        self.succtext = self.wordfont.render("", True, WHITE)        self.rect = self.wordtext.get_rect()  # 单词坐标        self.width, self.height = bg_size[0], bg_size[1]        self.rect.left, self.rect.top = (self.width - self.rect.width) // 2, 20  # 定义坐标        self.speed = 1  # 下移速度        # self.destroy_images = []        # self.destroy_images.extend([pygame.image.load("爆炸小.png").convert_alpha()])        self.active = True  # 活动标志        self.success = False  # 正确标志    # 判断输入字母是否正确，并显示    def show(self, a):        for i in range(self.length):            if self.promptword[i] == "*":                if self.word[i] == a:                    self.promptword =self.promptword[:i] + a + self.promptword[i+1:]                    self.showtext = self.wordfont.render(self.promptword, True, WHITE, BLACK)  # 隐藏单词                if self.promptword == self.word:                    self.success = True                break            else:                continue    # 单词移动    def move(self):        if self.rect.top < self.height - 50:            self.rect.top += self.speed        else:            self.reset()    # 单词重置    def reset(self):        self.active = True        self.success = False        self.rect.left, self.rect.top = (self.width - self.rect.width) // 2, 20    # 中文提示    def describe(self, prop):        myprop = prop        self.propfont = pygame.font.Font("source/楷体_GB2312.ttf", 20)  # 使用楷体字体        # print(myprop)        self.describetext = self.propfont.render(myprop, True, BLACK)  # 中文提示        self.proprect = self.describetext.get_rect()  # 提示坐标        self.proprect.left, self.proprect.top = (self.width - self.proprect.width) // 2, (self.height - 30 - self.proprect.height / 2)        screen.blit(self.describetext, self.proprect)# 获取单词，读取字典文件def Getletters(filename):    words = []  # 保存单词    prompts = []  # 保存中文提示    worddict = {}  # 单词字典    f = open(filename, encoding='utf-8')  # 打开文本，定义格式，能够读取中文    for line in f.readlines():  # 读取行        line = line.strip()  # 去掉/n        word = line.split(":")[0]  # 截取单词        prompt = line.split(":")[1]  # .split(";")[0]  # 截取中文提示        words.append(word)        prompts.append(prompt)        worddict.update({word : prompt})  # 字典添加元素    f.close()    return worddict# 保存字典文件def SaveDict(dict1, filename):    # 打开字典文件    with open(filename, mode='w', encoding='utf-8') as f:        for k, v in dict1.items():            str = f"{k}:{v}
"            f.write(str)        f.close()# 随机抽取字典的数据def ChoseWord(dict1):    n = len(dict1)    random.choice(list(dict1.keys()))    words = dict1.keys()    prompts = dict1.values()    i = randint(0, n)    key = words[i]    value = prompts[i]    return key, value# 主函数def main():    pygame.mixer.music.play(-1)  # 播放背景音乐    running = True  # 判断运行状态    clock = pygame.time.Clock()  # 时钟    delay = 100    olingefile = "source/words.txt"  # 原始单词文件    myfile = "source/newword.txt"  # 使用单词文件    historyfile = "source/record.txt"  # 最高记录文件    olindict = Getletters(olingefile)  # 获取原始单词    num = len(olindict)  # 总单词数量    # getnum = 0    # record_score = 0  # 最高得分记录    # record_rate = 0.00  # 最高进度    myfont_big = pygame.font.SysFont("arial", 36)  # 使用系统大字体    myfont_small = pygame.font.SysFont("arial", 24)  # 使用系统小字体    # 标志是否暂停游戏    paused = False    paused_image = pygame.image.load("source/暂停.png").convert_alpha()    resume_image = pygame.image.load("source/播放.png").convert_alpha()    paused_rect = paused_image.get_rect()    paused_rect.left, paused_rect.top = width - paused_rect.width - 10, 10    paused_show_image = paused_image    # 主页    mained = False  # 主页标志    main_image = pygame.image.load("source/主页.png").convert_alpha()    main_rect = main_image.get_rect()    main_rect.left, main_rect.top = width - paused_rect.width - 70, 10    # 成功页面    success_image = pygame.image.load("source/成功.png").convert_alpha()    # 底部页面    bottom_image = pygame.image.load("source/底部.png").convert_alpha()    # 统计得分    # score = 0  # 当前得分    # rate = 0.00  # 当前进度    # 主页面    goon_image = pygame.image.load("source/继续游戏.png").convert_alpha()    goon_rect = goon_image.get_rect()    restart_image = pygame.image.load("source/重新开始.png").convert_alpha()    restart_rect = restart_image.get_rect()    gameover_image = pygame.image.load("source/结束游戏.png").convert_alpha()    gameover_rect = gameover_image.get_rect()    flag = False  # 新单词标记    promptflag = False  # 空格提示单词标记    nextflag = False  # 回车下一个单词标记    winflag = False  # 胜利标志    keyvalue = ""  # 获取按键    if os.path.exists(myfile) and os.path.exists(historyfile):  # 如果有记录        mydict = Getletters(myfile)        getnum = num - len(mydict)  # 完成数量        mained = True        with open(historyfile, mode='r', encoding='utf-8') as f:            record_score = int(linecache.getline(historyfile, 1))  # 读取最高记录            record_rate = float(linecache.getline(historyfile, 2))  # 读取最高进度            score = int(linecache.getline(historyfile, 3))  # 读取上一次记录            f.close()        # print(record_score, record_rate)    else:        mydict = Getletters(olingefile)        getnum = 0        score = 0        rate = 0.00        record_score = score        record_rate = rate        mained = False    while running:        for event in pygame.event.get():            if event.type == QUIT:  # 退出                # 写入记录文件                with open(historyfile, mode='w', encoding='utf-8') as f:                    f.write(str(record_score))                    f.write("
")                    f.write(str(record_rate))                    f.write("
")                    f.write(str(score))                    f.close()                # 保存剩余单词                SaveDict(mydict, myfile)                pygame.quit()                sys.exit()            elif event.type == MOUSEBUTTONDOWN:  # 鼠标按下                # 按下暂停键                if event.button == 1 and paused_rect.collidepoint(event.pos):  # 检测鼠标是否在范围内                    paused = not paused                    if paused:                        pygame.mixer.music.pause()  # 背景音乐暂停                        pygame.mixer.pause()  # 音效暂停                        paused_show_image = resume_image                    else:                        pygame.mixer.music.unpause()  # 背景音乐暂停                        pygame.mixer.unpause()  # 音效暂停                        paused_show_image = paused_image                # 按下主页键                if event.button == 1 and main_rect.collidepoint(event.pos):  # 检测鼠标是否在范围内                    mained = True                    if mained:                        pygame.mixer.music.pause()  # 背景音乐暂停                        pygame.mixer.pause()  # 音效暂停            elif event.type == KEYDOWN:  # 按键                if event.key == K_TAB:  # tab键                    promptflag = True                elif event.key == K_RETURN:  # 回车键                    nextflag = True                else:                    keyvalue = chr(event.key)  # 获取ASCII码转字符串        screen.blit(background, (0, 0))  # 载入背景图片        screen.blit(bottom_image, (0, height - 60))  # 载入底部图片        # 绘制得分        score_text = myfont_big.render(f"score:{str(score)}", True, WHITE)        screen.blit(score_text, (10, 5))        # 暂停/播放        screen.blit(paused_show_image, paused_rect)  # 暂停图片        # 绘制主页        screen.blit(main_image, main_rect)  # 主页图片        # 绘制进度        pygame.draw.rect(screen, WHITE, ((10, 60), (200, 20)), 2)  # 画矩形，坐标（10,60），长宽（200,20），线宽2        # 当进度大于80%显示绿色，否则显示红色        rate = getnum / num        if rate > 0.8:            rate_color = GREEN        else:            rate_color = RED        pygame.draw.rect(screen, rate_color, ((10, 60), (200 * rate, 20)), 0)  # 填充        remaintext = myfont_small.render(f"{rate*100:.2f}%", True, WHITE)        screen.blit(remaintext, (220, 55))        if not paused and not mained:            if not flag:                # 生成单词                showword = np.random.choice(list(mydict.keys()))  # 随机选择单词                showprompt = mydict[showword]  # 单词中文提示                # print(showword, showprompt)                myword = Word(bg_size, showword)  # 生成单词                flag = True  # 新单词            else:                myword.move()  # 单词向下移动                myword.describe(showprompt)                myword.show(keyvalue)  # 获取键盘按键                if promptflag:                    screen.blit(myword.wordtext, myword.rect)                else:                    screen.blit(myword.showtext, myword.rect)                    # 成功                    if myword.success:                        screen.blit(myword.succtext, myword.rect)  # 清空                        screen.blit(success_image, myword.rect)  # 成功图片                        success_sound.play()                        if not (delay % 10):  # 延时                            myword.reset()                            flag = False                            score += 5                            getnum += 1                            del mydict[showword]                            if getnum == num:                                winflag = True                                mained = True                if nextflag:                    myword.reset()                    flag = False                    nextflag = False                if myword.rect.top > height - 118:                    lost_sound.play()                    flag = False                    score -= 2        # 暂停时        elif paused and not mained:            myword.active = False            screen.blit(myword.showtext, myword.rect)            myword.describe(showprompt)        # 显示主页        elif mained and not winflag:            # myword.active = False            screen.blit(background, (0, 0))  # 载入背景图片            # 绘制结束界面            # 更新最高分            if score > record_score:                record_score = score            # 更新进度            if rate > record_rate:                record_rate = rate            # 最高分            record_score_text = myfont_big.render(f"Highest Score:{record_score}", True, WHITE)            screen.blit(record_score_text, (50, 50))            # 最高进度            record_rate_text = myfont_big.render(f"Highest Rate:{record_rate*100:.2f}%", True, WHITE)            screen.blit(record_rate_text, (50, 100))            # 当前得分            nowscore_text1 = myfont_big.render("Your Score:", True, WHITE)            nowscore_text1_rect = nowscore_text1.get_rect()            nowscore_text1_rect.left, nowscore_text1_rect.top = 50, 150            screen.blit(nowscore_text1, nowscore_text1_rect)            nowscore_text2 = myfont_big.render(str(score), True, RED)            nowscore_text2_rect = nowscore_text2.get_rect()            nowscore_text2_rect.left, nowscore_text2_rect.top = 50 + nowscore_text1_rect.width, nowscore_text1_rect.top            screen.blit(nowscore_text2, nowscore_text2_rect)            # 当前进度            nowrate_text1 = myfont_big.render("Your Rate:", True, WHITE)            nowrate_text1_rect = nowrate_text1.get_rect()            nowrate_text1_rect.left, nowrate_text1_rect.top = 50, 200            screen.blit(nowrate_text1, nowrate_text1_rect)            nowrate_text2 = myfont_big.render(f"{rate*100:.2f}%", True, RED)            nowrate_text2_rect = nowrate_text2.get_rect()            nowrate_text2_rect.left, nowrate_text2_rect.top = 50 + nowrate_text1_rect.width, nowrate_text1_rect.top            screen.blit(nowrate_text2, nowrate_text2_rect)            # 继续游戏            goon_rect.left, goon_rect.top = (width - goon_rect.width) // 2, 300            screen.blit(goon_image, goon_rect)            # 重新开始            restart_rect.left, restart_rect.top = (width - restart_rect.width) // 2, goon_rect.bottom + 20            screen.blit(restart_image, restart_rect)            # 结束游戏            gameover_rect.left, gameover_rect.top = (width - gameover_rect.width) // 2, restart_rect.bottom + 20            screen.blit(gameover_image, gameover_rect)            # 检测用户鼠标操作            # 如果用户按下鼠标左键            if pygame.mouse.get_pressed()[0]:                # 获取鼠标位置                pos = pygame.mouse.get_pos()                # 如果用户点击继续游戏                if goon_rect.left < pos[0] < goon_rect.right and goon_rect.top < pos[1] < goon_rect.bottom:                    # 跳出主页面                    mained = False                # 重新开始                elif restart_rect.left < pos[0] < restart_rect.right and restart_rect.top < pos[1] < restart_rect.bottom:                    # 判断最高记录是否更新，保存记录                    if score > record_score:                        record_score = score                    # 写入记录文件                    with open(historyfile, mode='w', encoding='utf-8') as f:                        f.write(str(record_score))                        f.write("
")                        f.write(str(record_rate))                        f.close()                    # 保存剩余单词                    SaveDict(mydict, myfile)                    # 退出主页                    mained = False                    score = 0                    mydict = Getletters(olingefile)  # 获取原始单词                    getnum = 0                # 如果用户点击结束游戏                elif gameover_rect.left < pos[0] < gameover_rect.right and gameover_rect.top < pos[1] < gameover_rect.bottom:                    # 写入记录文件                    with open(historyfile, mode='w', encoding='utf-8') as f:                        f.write(str(record_score))                        f.write("
")                        f.write(str(record_rate))                        f.write("
")                        f.write(str(score))                        f.close()                    # 保存剩余单词                    SaveDict(mydict, myfile)                    # 退出游戏                    pygame.quit()                    sys.exit()        else:            # screen.blit(background, (0, 0))  # 载入背景图片            pygame.mixer.music.pause()  # 背景音乐暂停            win_sound.play()            win_text = myfont_big.render("Congratulations! You WIN!!!", True, WHITE)            screen.blit(win_text, (50, 300))        # 时间间隔        delay -= 1        if not delay:            delay = 50            promptflag = False        pygame.display.flip()  # 页面刷新        clock.tick(60)if __name__ == "__main__":    try:        main()    except SystemExit:        pass    except:        traceback.print_exc()        pygame.quit()        input()