python巡检脚本怎么写
时间：2023-05-10 17:26
os.system（cmd），其返回值是shell指令运行后返回的状态码， 该方法以文件的形式返回shell指令运行后的结果， （1）commands.getstatusoutput(cmd)，其以字符串的形式返回的是输出结果和状态码，即（status,output）。 （2）commands.getoutput(cmd)，返回cmd的输出结果。 （3）commands.getstatus(file)，返回ls -l file的执行结果字符串，调用了getoutput，不建议使用此方法 允许创建很多子进程，创建的时候能指定子进程和子进程的输入、输出、错误输出管道，执行后能获取输出结果和执行状态。 （1）subprocess.run()：python3.5中新增的函数， 执行指定的命令， 等待命令执行完成后返回一个包含执行结果的CompletedProcess类的实例。 （2）subprocess.call()：执行指定的命令， 返回命令执行状态， 功能类似os.system（cmd）。 （3）subprocess.check_call()：python2.5中新增的函数, 执行指定的命令, 如果执行成功则返回状态码， 否则抛出异常。 说明：subprocess.run(args, *, stdin=None, input=None, stdout=None, stderr=None, shell=False, timeout=None, check=False, universal_newlines=False) subprocess.call(args, *, stdin=None, stdout=None, stderr=None, shell=False, timeout=None) subprocess.check_call(args, *, stdin=None, stdout=None, stderr=None, shell=False, timeout=None) args：表示shell指令，若以字符串形式给出shell指令，如"ls -l "则需要使shell = Ture。否则默认已数组形式表示shell变量，如"ls","-l"。 当使用比较复杂的shell语句时，可以先使用shlex模块的shlex.split()方法来帮助格式化命令，然后在传递给run()方法或Popen。 附上python2.7中的subprocess模块源码供理解（pycharm查看方法源码，ctrl+左键）。 以上就是python巡检脚本怎么写的详细内容，更多请关注Gxl网其它相关文章！方法一、使用os模块的system方法
int类型，
0--表示shell指令成功执行，
256--表示shell未找到，
该方法适用于shell命令不需要输出内容的场景。
方法二、使用os.popen()
需要获取内容时可使用read()或readlines（）方法，举例如下：
方法三、使用commands模块，有三个方法可以使用
方法四、subprocess模块
# Stubs for subprocess# Based on http://docs.python.org/2/library/subprocess.html and Python 3 stubfrom typing import Sequence, Any, Mapping, Callable, Tuple, IO, Union, Optional, List, Text_FILE = Union[None, int, IO[Any]]_TXT = Union[bytes, Text]_CMD = Union[_TXT, Sequence[_TXT]]_ENV = Union[Mapping[bytes, _TXT], Mapping[Text, _TXT]]# Same args as Popen.__init__def call(args: _CMD, bufsize: int = ..., executable: _TXT = ..., stdin: _FILE = ..., stdout: _FILE = ..., stderr: _FILE = ..., preexec_fn: Callable[[], Any] = ..., close_fds: bool = ..., shell: bool = ..., cwd: _TXT = ..., env: _ENV = ..., universal_newlines: bool = ..., startupinfo: Any = ..., creationflags: int = ...) -> int: ...def check_call(args: _CMD, bufsize: int = ..., executable: _TXT = ..., stdin: _FILE = ..., stdout: _FILE = ..., stderr: _FILE = ..., preexec_fn: Callable[[], Any] = ..., close_fds: bool = ..., shell: bool = ..., cwd: _TXT = ..., env: _ENV = ..., universal_newlines: bool = ..., startupinfo: Any = ..., creationflags: int = ...) -> int: ...# Same args as Popen.__init__ except for stdoutdef check_output(args: _CMD, bufsize: int = ..., executable: _TXT = ..., stdin: _FILE = ..., stderr: _FILE = ..., preexec_fn: Callable[[], Any] = ..., close_fds: bool = ..., shell: bool = ..., cwd: _TXT = ..., env: _ENV = ..., universal_newlines: bool = ..., startupinfo: Any = ..., creationflags: int = ...) -> bytes: ...PIPE = ... # type: intSTDOUT = ... # type: intclass CalledProcessError(Exception): returncode = 0 # morally: _CMD cmd = ... # type: Any # morally: Optional[bytes] output = ... # type: Any def __init__(self, returncode: int, cmd: _CMD, output: Optional[bytes] = ...) -> None: ...class Popen: stdin = ... # type: Optional[IO[Any]] stdout = ... # type: Optional[IO[Any]] stderr = ... # type: Optional[IO[Any]] pid = 0 returncode = 0 def __init__(self, args: _CMD, bufsize: int = ..., executable: Optional[_TXT] = ..., stdin: Optional[_FILE] = ..., stdout: Optional[_FILE] = ..., stderr: Optional[_FILE] = ..., preexec_fn: Optional[Callable[[], Any]] = ..., close_fds: bool = ..., shell: bool = ..., cwd: Optional[_TXT] = ..., env: Optional[_ENV] = ..., universal_newlines: bool = ..., startupinfo: Optional[Any] = ..., creationflags: int = ...) -> None: ... def poll(self) -> int: ... def wait(self) -> int: ... # morally: -> Tuple[Optional[bytes], Optional[bytes]] def communicate(self, input: Optional[_TXT] = ...) -> Tuple[Any, Any]: ... def send_signal(self, signal: int) -> None: ... def terminate(self) -> None: ... def kill(self) -> None: ... def __enter__(self) -> 'Popen': ... def __exit__(self, type, value, traceback) -> bool: ...# Windows-only: STARTUPINFO etc.STD_INPUT_HANDLE = ... # type: AnySTD_OUTPUT_HANDLE = ... # type: AnySTD_ERROR_HANDLE = ... # type: AnySW_HIDE = ... # type: AnySTARTF_USESTDHANDLES = ... # type: AnySTARTF_USESHOWWINDOW = ... # type: AnyCREATE_NEW_CONSOLE = ... # type: AnyCREATE_NEW_PROCESS_GROUP = ... # type: Any
