Linux磁盘格式化

CentOS7所支持的文件系统格式；默认是用xfs作为系统的文件系统。 "/"和"/boot"都是xfs格式！ [root@linux-xl ~]# cat /etc/filesystems xfs ext4 ext3 ext2 nodev proc nodev devpts iso9660 vfat hfs hfsplus * mke2fs命令： mke2fs、mkfs.ext2、mkfs.ext3、mkfs.ext4均可用于磁盘格式化！唯独不支持xfs！ 比如执行格式化为ext4系统(mkfs.ext4=mke2fs -t ext4)   -L：=label，预设该分区的标签   -t：用来指定文件系统的类型（xfs、ext4、ext3、ext2等）   -b：分区时指定每个数据块的大小，目前支持1024、248、4096 bytes每个块    -i：指定inode大小，默认单位是byte   -N：设定inode数量，有时候默认的数量不够用，所以需要自己设定inode数量    -c：在格式化之前先检测一下磁盘是否有问题，加上这个选项后会非常慢   -m：格式化时，指定预留给管理员的磁盘比例，是一个百分比，只针对mke2fs命令 格式化sdb1为ext4文件系统 [root@linux-xl ~]# mke2fs -t ext4 -b 2048 /dev/sdb1#指定为ext4的格式，块大小为2048；这里还有一个命令mkfs.ext4等价于mke2fs -t ext4 mke2fs 1.42.9 (28-Dec-2013) Filesystem label= OS type: Linux Block size=2048 (log=1) Fragment size=2048 (log=1) Stride=0 blocks, Stripe width=0 blocks 131072 inodes, 1048576 blocks 52428 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user First data block=0 Maximum filesystem blocks=269484032 64 block groups 16384 blocks per group, 16384 fragments per group 2048 inodes per group Superblock backups stored on blocks:         16384, 49152, 81920, 114688, 147456, 409600, 442368, 802816   Allocating group tables: done                             Writing inode tables: done                             Creating journal (32768 blocks): done Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done 指定sdb1为2048k块 [root@linux-xl ~]# mke2fs -b 2048 /dev/sdb1    mke2fs 1.42.9 (28-Dec-2013) Filesystem label= OS type: Linux Block size=2048 (log=1) Fragment size=2048 (log=1) Stride=0 blocks, Stripe width=0 blocks 131072 inodes, 1048576 blocks 52428 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user First data block=0 Maximum filesystem blocks=537919488 64 block groups 16384 blocks per group, 16384 fragments per group 2048 inodes per group Superblock backups stored on blocks:         16384, 49152, 81920, 114688, 147456, 409600, 442368, 802816   Allocating group tables: done                             Writing inode tables: done                             Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done 指定预留给root的磁盘空间 [root@linux-xl ~]#  mke2fs -t ext4 -m 0.1 /dev/sdb1   #预留百分之1.1的空间给root用户，并指定文件系统格式为ext4，如果不指定则是默认为ext2 mke2fs 1.42.9 (28-Dec-2013) Filesystem label= OS type: Linux Block size=4096 (log=2) Fragment size=4096 (log=2) Stride=0 blocks, Stripe width=0 blocks 131072 inodes, 524288 blocks 524 blocks (0.10%) reserved for the super user First data block=0 Maximum filesystem blocks=536870912 16 block groups 32768 blocks per group, 32768 fragments per group 8192 inodes per group Superblock backups stored on blocks:         32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912   Allocating group tables: done                             Writing inode tables: done                             Creating journal (16384 blocks): done Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done mke2fs指定inode对应块大小 [root@linux-xl ~]# mke2fs -t ext4 -i 8192  /dev/sdb1          #增加inode mke2fs 1.42.9 (28-Dec-2013) Filesystem label= OS type: Linux Block size=4096 (log=2) Fragment size=4096 (log=2) Stride=0 blocks, Stripe width=0 blocks 262144 inodes, 524288 blocks 26214 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user First data block=0 Maximum filesystem blocks=536870912 16 block groups 32768 blocks per group, 32768 fragments per group 16384 inodes per group Superblock backups stored on blocks:         32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912   Allocating group tables: done                             Writing inode tables: done                             Creating journal (16384 blocks): done Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done 查看分区信息 [root@linux-xl ~]# blkid /dev/sdb1 /dev/sdb1: UUID="ffd991f6-2fc8-4c56-9ffb-41a9f741d70d" TYPE="ext4"   mkfs命令： 支持的文件系统mkfs.btrfs   mkfs.cramfs  mkfs.ext2    mkfs.ext3    mkfs.ext4    mkfs.minix   mkfs.xfs 格式化sdb1为xfs文件系统： [root@linux-xl ~]# mkfs.xfs /dev/sdb1 #用mkfs.xfs就可以实现xfs的格式化，如果是已经格式化过的需要加-f强制执行 mkfs.xfs: /dev/sdb1 appears to contain an existing filesystem (ext4). mkfs.xfs: Use the -f option to force overwrite. [root@linux-xl ~]# mkfs.xfs -f /dev/sdb1 meta-data=/dev/sdb1              isize=512    agcount=4, agsize=131072 blks          =                       sectsz=512   attr=2, projid32bit=1          =                       crc=1        finobt=0, sparse=0 data     =                       bsize=4096   blocks=524288, imaxpct=25          =                       sunit=0      swidth=0 blks naming   =version 2              bsize=4096   ascii-ci=0 ftype=1 log      =internal log           bsize=4096   blocks=2560, version=2          =                       sectsz=512   sunit=0 blks, lazy-count=1 realtime =none                   extsz=4096   blocks=0, rtextents=0