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怎么使用Docker Compose实现nginx负载均衡

时间:2023-05-16 10:02

以docker的网络管理,容器的ip设置为基础知识实现nginx负载均衡

查看所有docker网络

docker network ls/*network id     name         driver       scopeb832b168ca9a    bridge        bridge       local373be82d3a6a    composetest_default  bridge       locala360425082c4    host         host        local154f600f0e90    none         null        local*/// composetest_default 是上一篇介绍compose时,docker-compose.yml文件所在的目录名,// 所以,用docker-compose创建的容器会默认创建一个以目录名为网络名的网络,并且是dridge(桥接)类型

指定容器ip地址

官网文档地址:

继续编写上一篇《12.使用docker compose容器编排工具》文章中的docker-compose.yml

version: "3"services:  web1:    container_name: web1    image: "centos:httpd"    ports:      - "8080:80"    privileged: true    volumes:      - "/app/www/web1/:/var/www/html/"    command: ['/usr/sbin/init']    networks:      nginx-lsb:        ipv4_address: 192.169.0.3  web2:    container_name: web2    image: "centos:httpd"    ports:      - "8081:80"    privileged: true    volumes:      - "/app/www/web2/:/var/www/html/"    command: ['/usr/sbin/init']    networks:      nginx-lsb:        ipv4_address: 192.169.0.2networks:  nginx-lsb:    driver: bridge    ipam:      config:        - subnet: 192.169.0.0/16

使用docker-compose启动容器

docker-compose up -d

查看容器是否启动,并确认是否创建了网络 nginx-lsb

// 可以查看当前docker-compose.yml配置的容器组里的容器状态docker-compose psdocker network ls/*network id     name          driver       scopeb832b168ca9a    bridge         bridge       local373be82d3a6a    composetest_default   bridge       localde6f5b8df1c8    composetest_nginx-lsb  bridge       locala360425082c4    host          host        local154f600f0e90    none          null        local*/// 创建了nginx-lsb网络,命名是容器组项目的 文件名开头_网络名

查看网络 nginx-lsb的详情

docker network inspect composetest_nginx-lsb// 详情里面可以看到使用这个网络的每个容器的ip如:/*... "containers": {      "039aa860ef04f20a7566fdc943fb4398a61d2ad6dd3e373b17c86ac778af89e3": {        "name": "web2",        "endpointid": "1bc206661179e65999015f132c2889d3d4365b8d42b8a89cf9c260016fedd5ee",        "macaddress": "02:42:c0:a9:00:02",        "ipv4address": "192.169.0.2/16",        "ipv6address": ""      },      "437ad7a07da8e46c0abaf845c4b08425338009fbe972bde69478cf47c75c315b": {        "name": "web1",        "endpointid": "5a36e602a5364ee9ad06e9816d09e3966d56ebf06b9394ebc25b8bcee9546607",        "macaddress": "02:42:c0:a9:00:03",        "ipv4address": "192.169.0.3/16",        "ipv6address": ""      }    },...*/

使用 env_file环境文件:

简单可以理解为:在docker-compose.yml中定义变量,引用在外部.env文件中进行变量定义

官方文档地址:

// 还是在composetest目录中定义个 .env文件,用来存放变量web1_addr=192.169.0.2web2_addr=192.169.0.3// 修改docker-compose.yml文件,加入变量定义version: "3"services:  web1:    container_name: web1    image: "centos:httpd"    ports:      - "8080:80"    privileged: true    volumes:      - "/app/www/web1/:/var/www/html/"    command: ['/usr/sbin/init']    networks:      nginx-lsb:        ipv4_address: ${web1_addr}  web2:    container_name: web2    image: "centos:httpd"    ports:      - "8081:80"    privileged: true    volumes:      - "/app/www/web2/:/var/www/html/"    command: ['/usr/sbin/init']    networks:      nginx-lsb:        ipv4_address: ${web2_addr}networks:  nginx-lsb:    driver: bridge    ipam:      config:        - subnet: 192.169.0.0/16

重新启动composetest项目,并查看网络详情,确认容器ip是否设置成功

// 重新启动composetest项目docker-compose up -d// 查看网络详情docker network inspect composetest_nginx-lsb

在composetest项目中添加一台nginx服务器作为负载均衡服务器

// 在.env文件里添加一个变量 nginx_lsbweb1_addr=192.169.0.2web2_addr=192.169.0.3nginx_lsb=192.169.0.100// 修改docker-compose.yml文件,加入变量定义version: "3"services:  nginx-lsb:    container_name: nginx-lsb    image: "centos:nginx"    ports:       - "8000:80"    privileged: true    volumes:      - "/app/nginx/nginx.conf:/etc/nginx/nginx.conf"    networks:      nginx-lsb:        ipv4_address: ${nginx_lsb}  web1:    container_name: web1    image: "centos:httpd"    ports:      - "8080:80"    privileged: true    volumes:      - "/app/www/web1/:/var/www/html/"    command: ['/usr/sbin/init']    networks:      nginx-lsb:        ipv4_address: ${web1_addr}  web2:    container_name: web2    image: "centos:httpd"    ports:      - "8081:80"    privileged: true    volumes:      - "/app/www/web2/:/var/www/html/"    command: ['/usr/sbin/init']    networks:      nginx-lsb:        ipv4_address: ${web2_addr}networks:  nginx-lsb:    driver: bridge    ipam:      config:        - subnet: 192.169.0.0/16// 重新启动composetest项目docker-compose up -d

修改nginx.conf配置文件,配置负载均衡

upstream mydocker {  server 192.169.0.2;  server 192.169.0.3;}server {  listen 80;  server_name mydocker;  location / {    proxy_set_header host $host;    proxy_set_header x-real-ip $remote_addr;    proxy_set_header x-forwarded-for $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;    proxy_buffering off;    proxy_pass http://mydocker;  }}

重新启动nginx-lsb,加载配置文件

docker-composer restart nginx-lsb

访问 http://服务器ip地址:8000,测试服务器负载均衡!

以上就是怎么使用Docker Compose实现nginx负载均衡的详细内容,更多请关注Gxl网其它相关文章!

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