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k8s 安装部署步骤

时间:2020-06-09 09:48

k8s 安装部署步骤

准备环境:三台centos7 服务器

192.168.6.129 k8s-master(主)

192.168.6.130 k8s-node-1(节点)

192.168.6.131 k8s-node-2(节点)

kubernetes(k8s)的安装方法

五种方法:

  • kubernetes 二进制安装 (配置最繁琐,不亚于安装openstack)

  • kubeadm 安装 (谷歌推出的自动化安装工具,网络有要求)

  • minikube 安装 (仅仅用来体验k8s)

  • yum 安装 (最简单,版本比较低====学习推荐此种方法)

  • go编译安装 (最难)

我们采用yum安装,学习怎么使用k8s才是重点。

1、修改主机和host 解析

#请在129-130-131三台机器都执行如下操作

vim /etc/hosts:

192.168.6.129 k8s-master
192.168.6.130 k8s-node-1
192.168.6.131 k8s-node-2

修改主机名:

hostnamectl set-hostname k8s-master
hostnamectl set-hostname k8s-node-1
hostnamectl set-hostname k8s-node-2

2: 安装docker 1.12版本,系统自带的1.13有点小bug,需要修改,不然后期容器网络通讯会不通

[root@k8s-master ~]# yum provides docker
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
Determining fastest mirrors
* base: mirrors.aliyun.com
* extras: mirrors.aliyun.com
* updates: mirrors.aliyun.com
2:docker-1.13.1-102.git7f2769b.el7.centos.x86_64 : Automates deployment of
: containerized applicat
Repo : extras
2:docker-1.13.1-103.git7f2769b.el7.centos.x86_64 : Automates deployment of
: containerized applications
Repo : extras
[root@k8s-master ~]#

去官网找1.12版本docker

http://vault.centos.org/7.4.1708/extras/x86_64/Packages/

需要提前安装 CentOS-Base.repo源

三台机器都需要下载这三个docker包:

http://vault.centos.org/7.4.1708/extras/x86_64/Packages/docker-1.12.6-71.git3e8e77d.el7.centos.x86_64.rpm

http://vault.centos.org/7.4.1708/extras/x86_64/Packages/docker-client-1.12.6-71.git3e8e77d.el7.centos.x86_64.rpm

http://vault.centos.org/7.4.1708/extras/x86_64/Packages/docker-common-1.12.6-71.git3e8e77d.el7.centos.x86_64.rpm

[root@k8s-master ~]# ls
docker-1.12.6-71.git3e8e77d.el7.centos.x86_64.rpm
docker-client-1.12.6-71.git3e8e77d.el7.centos.x86_64.rpm
docker-common-1.12.6-71.git3e8e77d.el7.centos.x86_64.rpm
[root@k8s-master ~]# scp * 192.168.6.130:~
root@192.168.6.130's password:
docker-1.12.6-71.git3e8e77d.el7.centos.x86_64.rpm 100% 15MB 30.7MB/s 00:00
docker-client-1.12.6-71.git3e8e77d.el7.centos.x86_64.rpm 100% 3451KB 29.6MB/s 00:00
docker-common-1.12.6-71.git3e8e77d.el7.centos.x86_64.rpm 100% 83KB 6.9MB/s 00:00
[root@k8s-master ~]# scp * 192.168.6.131:~
root@192.168.6.131's password:
docker-1.12.6-71.git3e8e77d.el7.centos.x86_64.rpm 100% 15MB 24.2MB/s 00:00
docker-client-1.12.6-71.git3e8e77d.el7.centos.x86_64.rpm 100% 3451KB 23.3MB/s 00:00
docker-common-1.12.6-71.git3e8e77d.el7.centos.x86_64.rpm 100% 83KB 5.8MB/s 00:00
[root@k8s-master ~]#

卸载系统已经安装的docker

由于笔者前面安装有docker-ce版本,需要全部卸载干净(推荐你使用全新的机器安装)

[root@k8s-node-1 ~]# rpm -qa |grep docker
docker-ce-19.03.3-3.el7.x86_64
docker-ce-cli-19.03.3-3.el7.x86_64
[root@k8s-node-1 ~]# rpm -e docker-ce-19.03.3-3.el7.x86_64
[root@k8s-node-1 ~]# rpm -e docker-ce-cli-19.03.3-3.el7.x86_642
[root@k8s-node-1 ~]# rm -rf /var/lib/docker/* 清空之前docker产生的所有文件。
[root@k8s-node-1 ~]# rm -rf /etc/docker/*

3、在三台都安装docker 1.12(必须要按如下顺序安装,不然可能会报错)

yum localinstall docker-common-1.12.6-71.git3e8e77d.el7.centos.x86_64.rpm -y
yum localinstall docker-client-1.12.6-71.git3e8e77d.el7.centos.x86_64.rpm -y
yum localinstall docker-1.12.6-71.git3e8e77d.el7.centos.x86_64.rpm -y

4、验证docker 是否安装成功

[root@k8s-master ~]# docker -v
Docker version 1.12.6, build 3e8e77d/1.12.6

5、master节点安装etcd (k8s数据库kv类型存储)原生支持做集群

[root@k8s-master ~]# yum install etcd.x86_64 -y
[root@k8s-master ~]# vim /etc/etcd/etcd.conf
ETCD_LISTEN_CLIENT_URLS="http://0.0.0.0:2379"
ETCD_ADVERTISE_CLIENT_URLS="http://192.168.6.129:2379"
#启动
[root@k8s-master ~]# systemctl start etcd.service
[root@k8s-master ~]# systemctl enable etcd.service
#测试
#set 设置一队键值 数据存储
[root@k8s-master ~]# etcdctl set testdir/testkey0 xujin
Xujin
#get获取
[root@k8s-master ~]# etcdctl get testdir/testkey0
xujin
[root@k8s-master ~]#
#检测集群状态
[root@k8s-master ~]# etcdctl -C http://192.168.6.129:2379 cluster-health
member 8e9e05c52164694d is healthy: got healthy result from http://192.168.6.129:2379
cluster is healthy
[root@k8s-master ~]#

6、master节点安装kubernetes

[root@k8s-master ~]# yum install kubernetes-master.x86_64 -y
#修改配置文件如下
[root@k8s-master ~]# vim /etc/kubernetes/apiserver
# The address on the local server to listen to.
KUBE_API_ADDRESS="--insecure-bind-address=0.0.0.0"
# The port on the local server to listen on.
KUBE_API_PORT="--port=8080"
# Port minions listen on
KUBELET_PORT="--kubelet-port=10250"
# Comma separated list of nodes in the etcd cluster
KUBE_ETCD_SERVERS="--etcd-servers=http://192.168.6.129:2379"
# default admission control policies
KUBE_ADMISSION_CONTROL="--admission-control=NamespaceLifecycle,NamespaceExists,LimitRanger,Securi
tyContextDeny,ResourceQuota"
#修改config文件
[root@k8s-master ~]# vim /etc/kubernetes/config
KUBE_MASTER="--master=http://192.168.6.129:8080"

7、启动k8s

# 启动kube-apiserver
#这个服务用来:接受并响应用户的请求
[root@k8s-master ~]# systemctl enable kube-apiserver.service
[root@k8s-master ~]# systemctl start kube-apiserver.service
#启动 kube-controller-manager
#控制管理器的概念,保证容器存活
#每隔一段时间去扫描容器状态,看有没有死了。
#容器死了,会调度apiserver再起一个新的容器
#保证容器的个数,比如我们设定起三个nginx容器,多了就会杀掉,少了就会起
[root@k8s-master ~]# systemctl enable kube-controller-manager.service
[root@k8s-master ~]# systemctl start kube-controller-manager.service
#启动kube-scheduler
#调度器,选择启动容器的node节点,通俗点就是容器在哪一个节点服务器上面创建
[root@k8s-master ~]# systemctl enable kube-scheduler.service
[root@k8s-master ~]# systemctl start kube-scheduler.service

到此主master 129 k8s安装好了。

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